Dentistry

Aim and program profile

The objective of the StomatologyProgramme is to train medical and academic personnel, and raise awareness on the relevance of their potential contribution to the general health of their patients, and specifically oral health, in prevention, treatment and education. The StomatologyDepartment employs a wide diversity of services in preventing and controlling dental diseases and oral disorders. From the patient’s viewpoint, the most dignified functions of Stomatologyare primary relief of toothaches, preservation of regular tooth structure, rehabilitation of lost sections in teeth, and promotion of oral health.

Expected learning outcomes

Upon successful completion of the programme, students shall be able to:
Offer emergency dental stomatological assistance and diagnostication of special needs for children, teenager, adult and geriatric patients;
Cooperate with groups and individuals to promote oral health and general health, including adequate strategies, resources and interventions to prevent oral diseases in the community;
Prevent and manage stomatological and medical emergencies;
Diagnose and restore damaged teeth to restore function and aesthetics in a teenage, adult or geriatric patients;
Diagnose and manage periodontal disorders;
Prevent, diagnose and manage pulpar and periodontal diseases;
Diagnose and manage mucosis disorders in the mouth
Diagnose and manage position and form of teeth.

Academic level and degree

Doctor of Dentistry (Dr. Dent.)

Duration of studies and workload

6 years / 60 ECTS/ 360 ECTS/ total

Year I

Medical Chemistry – 8 ECTS

The Chemistry Course allows for further development and expanding of knowledge in the subject of general chemistry, enables understanding of philosophy of chemistry, as a natural and experimental science, and development of habits and skills in theory and practical work, abilities of information research.

Medical physics and bio-physics- 6 ECTS

Bio-physics offers knowledge on fundamental laws, which should help in studies of various medicine disciplines, and further in practical work of doctors. The subject shall open new horizons of methods and most modern technology applied in medicine for diagnosing and curing.

Biology with genetics– 6 ECTS

Biology offers fundamental knowledge on the structure of cells, and composition and functions of living beings, etj..

Medical ethics- 2 ECTS

This course shall enable students to get familiar with goals, targets and development periods of medical ethics and medical deontology, and for the students to learn about the duties of a physician to the patient, patient confidentiality, and euthanasia.

Medical english- 2 ECTS

The English Language Course enables the development, acquisition and application of English language skills in medical practice, namely acquisition of knowledge for utilization of English medical literature.

Medical statistics and information – 2 ECTS

Familiarization with statistical methodology, definitions in medical information, computer data processing, electronic processing data preparation, data processing and presentation. Probability and normal phenomenon dissemination.

Health Information System – 4 ECTS

During the first year, students are expected to have a concept of what ISSW is, what is the importance of SISH during their professional work. Specifically during the first year will focus on the historical part where we will see the systems that have been used so far and the changes that will come after the implementation of the HIS. Health sector analyzes are key to knowing how to design a HIS application. Designing, building and implementing also needs financing, where students will be familiar with Forms of Financing and Investing in this sector.

Introduction to stomatology- 3 ECTS

The introductory course of Stomatologyis attended in the second semester, Year One of studies. Theoretical teaching of the course consists in presenting topics of special interest in stomatology, as a science in permanent development.

Anatomy I – 8 ECTS

Anatomy do të ofrojë studentëve njohuri mbi ndërtimin Anatomyk të trupit të njeriut në funskion të arritjes së njohurive të domosdoshme për ndërtimin trupor të tyre. Këto njohuri do të mundësojnë kuptimin e lokalizimit të indeve, organeve dhe sistemeve të ndryshme të organeve.

Scientific work methodology- 3 ECTS

This module shall enable an understanding of learning concepts, research methodology, studies and presentation of scientific works, critical reading of scientific works and utilization and search of literature in adequate electronic libraries for scientific work.

Bio-chemistry- 8 ECTS

This module shall include: basis of chemical structure of organic substances, such as proteins, catalytic function of enzymes, basic metabolism, specifically the role of ATP and routes related to transduction (transformation); metabolism of poly-sacharides, lypides, and amino-acids; basic principles of metabolism control and integration, DNA structure and function; DNA replication (copy); structure, transcription mechanism (copy-writing) and RNA function.

First aid- 3 ECTS

The First Aidcourse offers theoretical and practical knowledge on provision of first medical aid in case of emergencies, accidents or other injuries requiring swift medical assistance.

Elective Course
Molecular biology -3 ECTS

Molecular biology describes the cell structure at a molecular level, and the role of cell structures in the cell construction and various congenital diseases.

History of stomatology - 3 ECTS

History of Stomatology is an Elective Courseattended in the second semester of first year, focused on historical development of Stomatology.

Sports and recreation - 3 ECTS

This subject studies chromosomes and offers a cyto-genetic explanation of various diseases. Contents shall include aspects of chromosome study (from cytologenetics and molecular cytologenetics), that are important procedures in pre-natal diagnostics, in cases of patients with mental health problems or congenital deficiencies, patients with abnormal sexual development, and in some cases, infertility or numerous abortions. Cytogenetic analysis is also important in the study and treatment of patients with malign and haematological disorders.

Year II

Anatomy II – 7 ECTS

Anatomy do të ofrojë studentëve njohuri mbi ndërtimin Anatomyk të trupit të njeriut në funskion të arritjes së njohurive të domosdoshme për ndërtimin trupor të tyre. Këto njohuri do të mundësojnë kuptimin e lokalizimit të indeve, organeve dhe sistemeve të ndryshme të organeve.

Histology and embryology- 5 ECTS

This module shall include all basic knowledge of histology, including cell structure, tissue structure, and structure of organs and organic systems.

Medical physiology– 4 ECTS

The main purpose of the Human Physiology course is to provide a detailed presentation of fucntions of organs and organic systems of the human body. This course is designed in such a manner that the students comprehend the functions of each organ and system, regulatory mechanisms of the human body, and physiological integration of organic systems in preserving homeostasis.

Human dental anatomy and morphology- 5 ECTS

Research of development of the dental organ, in odonto-genetic and philo-genetic aspect of humans, and comparison with other spinals.

Para-clinical mobile prosthetics– 3 ECTS

This module shall allow the students to get familiar with all stages of developing plated partial prosthesis, partial and skeleton prosthesis, and total prosthesis. Students shall be able to learn and exercise all stages of mobile prosthetic works, in laboratory settings.

Materials in stomatology- 3 ECTS

This module shall enable students to get familiar with all materials used in Stomatology. Students shall also be able to learn and exercise all skills/abilities related to preparing various materials in practical exercises.

Smoking and oral health – 2 ECTS

Students shall be introduced to the basics of oral health, role and relevance of tobacco smoking on the health of oral cavity tissues, and specific pathologies manifested in smokers.

Prevention of infections in stomatology – elective – 2 ECTS

The course programme includes teaching units on the principles of prevention and control of infections, and standard measures taken in routine stomatological work, and special measures related to transmissive diseases in patients with a higher risk rate.

Medical micro-biology- 6 ECTS

Defines names of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and helimtes that have a key role in medicine, and structure and differences between them. It defines the nature of natural binome, plasmids and bacteriophages; genetic transfer of bacteria and genetic basis of resistance to anti-microbes. Defines the types and use of anti-microbics in Stomatology. It shall define cross-contamination and infection control in Stomatology.

Pathological anatomy- 4 ECTS

The course of pathology is taught at second year of studies. Pathology as a science is the linking bridge between basic sciences and practical experience, which deals with research on the causes of disease (etiology) and mechanisms of development (patho-genesis), which is associated with symptoms and relevant signs in the patient.

Epidemiology, hygiene and social medicine- 4 ECTS

This module shall enable students to study general laws of epidemic and infectious processes, meaning basic objective laws that universally apply to all infections and cause the birth, proliferation and extinction..

Stomatological propaedeutics- 2 ECTS

This module allows the students to study general laws of epidemic and infectious processes, namely basic objective laws that are universal to all infections and condition the appearance, proliferation and extinction. Epidemiological methods of health care and hygienic measures in health care, and study and research. profilactic and anti-epidemics measures.

Elective Course
Oral cavity micro-biology – 3 ECTS

Oral cavity from the day one at birth and to the day of death is colonized by various types of micro-organisms. The oral flora is mainly made by micro-organisms that have adapted to such living conditions, and depending on ecological conditions, shape the normal flora of an oral cavity. Apart from such micro-orgnaisms, the oral cavity may also have other micro-organisms that come from external environs, through water, food and other items. Some types of such micro-organisms may be true saprophytes, other types appear as parasytes, and most frequently, they are representatives of “pathogeneous species” which cause manifested clinical infections.

Oral-facial genetics - 3 ECTS

Oro-facial genetics is a course addressing laws and manners of heritage, through which normal features, but more importantly, anomalies in the oro-facial region.

Year III

Pharmacology and toxicology- 5 ECTS

Pharmacology is a branch of medicine and biology, which studies the effect of medicines. More specifically, it represents a study of interactions between living organisms and chemical substances influencing the normal or abnormal bio-chemical functions.

Public oral health– 2 ECTS

Teeth and oral Diseases, apart from being a health problem, are simultaneously a rather grave social problem. Since dental and oral diseases are rather highly prevalent in our country, there is great need for the students to have basic knowledge of the dental and oral health, as a problem for the individuals but also the society.

Cariesology- 3 ECTS

Cariesology is a branch of Stomatology, studying the treatment of pathologies of dental tissue, patho-genesis and modern manners of treatment of caries.

Internal medicine- 4 ECTS

Elaboration of problems of internal diseases of pathologies of blood diseases, urinary system, endo-crinological diseases and metabolism disorders, gastro-intestinal pathologies and liver diseases, diseases in the respiratory, cardio-vascular systems and rheumatic diseases.

Medical immunology- 2 ECTS

Immunology has a wide scope, and includes various reactions in the organism to preserve its integrity.

Gnathology – 3 ECTS

This module shall familiarize students with the principles of occlusion.The main aim is for the students to acquire knowledge in the field of occlusion.

Elective Course
Stomatological ergonomics - 2 ECTS

StomatologicalErgonomicsincludes a first part, which consists in general knowledge on stomatological activity (cabinet, work, ergonomic design, etc.) and a second part, including vocational diseases and protective measures.

Aestheticsin stomatology - 2 ECTS

Familiarization with principles of aesthetics in working with prosthetics (mobile and fixed).Aim of this module is for the students to recognize principles of aesthetics in completing mobile and fixed prosthetics.

Infectious diseases- 2 ECTS

The course shall contain a general and special part. General part shall include: General principles of infectious diseases, epidemiological aspects, patho-genesis of diseases, clinical features of contagious diseases, basic principles of diagnostication, and treatment of contagious diseases.

Dermatology- 3 ECTS

Dermatology is a medical science studying skin diseases and congenital diseases. A general physician deals with such diseases every day. They appear at any age, and in both genders, in every vocation and any lifestyle. The skin is a window showing the internal condition of the organism, not only physically but also spiritually.

Neuro-psychiatrics- 2 ECTS

Neurology is a science which studies disorders in central and peripheral nervous systems, diseases in muscles and the neuro-muscular area. This is a science that links basic sciences and practical experience, based on the study of the causes (etiology), mechanisms of development (pathogenesis), patho-physiological mechanisms, symptoms and clinical signs, modern diagnosing methods and manners of modern treatment of neurological diseases.Psychiatrics is a science dealing with diseases of the spirit. Based on a psychiatric interview, psychological methods and other diagnosing methods to differ the abnormal from the normal.

Stomatological radiology- 2 ECTS

In the studies of Stomatology, knowing about stomatological radiology is a necessity. Therefore, it is important that the students obtain basic knowledge on Stomatological radiology, as a section of interest, to recognize characteristic images of radiology in Stomatology, localization, form, size, and be able to determine pathological changes.

Elective Course
Digital radiographics in stomatology - 3 ECTS

Students shall be familiar with the basics of digital radiography, role and relevance in diagnosing stomatological pathologies. They shall also be introduced to normal structures and specific stomatological pathologies in x-ray imagery.

Temporo-mandibular disorders, diagnostics and therapy - 3 ECTS

In this module, students are introduced to various theories on temporo-mandibular disorders; modern positions on etiology and epidemiology of such disorders, and methods of treatment: medication therapy, physical therapy, splint therapy and specific prosthetic and orthodontic therapies.

Year IV

Surgery- 5 ECTS

Surgery is a branch of medicine, which may be further divided into general and special surgery. Surgery engages in the study and treatment of all surgical diseases of the human, pertaining to general and specific fields, starting from the head and to the lower extremities.
Today, medical knowledge is constantly on the rise. There are standard safety measures to be pursued, though new research and clinical experience expand our knowledge, thereby requiring changes in treatment and medication therapies.

Pediatrics- 4 ECTS

Knowledge on diseases in children, by systems and primary, secondary and tertiary child care.

Ophthalmology – 3 ECTS

The course of ophthalmology allows students to familiarize with eye examinations; to obtain knowledge on the diseases of the eye, and treatment thereof; to know about anomalies of refraction, motility disorders and management thereof; provide first aid in eye injuries, and emergency cases; to familiarize with signs and symptoms caused by systemic diseases, and know the application of various medications for eye disease.

Para-clinical oral surgery- 4 ECTS

The study programme allows the students to obtain sufficient theoretical knowledge on the use of local anesthetics in Stomatologyand oral Surgery, anesthetic substances and manner of administration. The course programme also provides the theoretical framework on indications and counter-indications of anesthetics and extraction, and local and general complications related to such procedures. Special attention is paid to the procedure of diagnosing oral pathologies, thereby emphasizing the role of radiography in diagnostication.

Restorative stomatology – 4 ECTS

A branch of Stomatologywhich deals with the etiology, diagnosing and various methods of treating the pulp, and affected apical parodontium.

Clinical mobile prosthetics- 5 ECTS

This module should enable students to familiarize with all clinical stages of working with mobile prosthetics (partial and total prosthetics). Students shall be able to learn and practice prosthetic rehabilitation of patients suffering from tooth loss.

Anesthesiology and reanimation- 3 ECTS

Anestheziology and reanimation are regular subjects in all European and regional universities. In our case, this Elective Coursededicated to students of Stomatology is based on three sections: local anesthetics, sedation and reanimation of the patient. Anesthesiology is a science aimed at eliminating pain and invasive procedures without pain. This is achieved by administering general and local anesthetics. The second part of the module deals with sedation, degrees and manners of sedation. The third part of the module is about reanimation, allowing for recognition and management of critical conditions.

Elective Course
Gerodontology - 3 ECTS

This programme shall introduce students to general knowledge on the physiology of aging, preventive and therapeutic measures in the fields of Stomatologyand medicine.

Traumatology of the maxillo-facial region - 3 ECTS

This module shall familiarize students with basic knowledge of injuries in the maxillo-facial and oral regions, from the physical examination and various imagery items, to secure an adequate diagnosis. Also, students shall be familiar with rules of first aid in all patients with multiple traumas, starting from the breathing channels, breathing systems, haemorrhages, and immobilization of fractured items.Course (module) Aims: The main aim is for the students to familiarize with clinical knowledge, manners of examination, diagnostic methods, and treatment, in theoretical aspects, of such pathologies.

Haemostasis in stomatological practice - 3 ECTS

This programme shall provide students with general knowledge on the physiology of blood and haemostatic system, most frequent disorders of the haemostasis and their etiology, pre-op laboratory analysis and their interpretation, and planning for management of such conditions in stomatological interventions and oral surgery operations, in terms of prevention and treatment of bleeding.

Para-clinical orthodontics- 3 ECTS

Orthodontics is a discipline or branch which studies and treats anomalies of the oro-facial system.

Physical medicine with rehabilitation in stomatology– 2 ECTS

Awareness on physical agents used in clinical rehabilitation, including thermal, water, mechanical agents and electric agents. Types of problems and diseases that may effectively be treated with physical agents. To recognize physical agents and recommendations of their use, details related to counter-indications and measures for special care and specific instructions for clinical application.

Preventive stomatology- 4 ECTS

The course shall depict the preventive measures to protect dental health. Preventive measures for oral health in children of different ages. Etiology of oral and teeth diseases in children. Diagnosing caries for the appearance of oran diseases, and relevance of oran hygiene. Application of fluorides in preventing caries. Sealing fissures. School dental care, and application of statistical indices.

Oto-rhino-laryngology- 3 ECTS

This course content is aimed at familiarizing students with the ORL subject, pathologies, diagnosing and treatment of ear, nose and throat diseases.

Stomatology Emergency – 3 ECTS

The Course programme offers students the theoretical knowledge, in the form of Lectures and Seminars, on the types of health emergencies in daily Stomatologicalwork, both local and dentogeneous nature, but also systematic ones, which may endanger the life of a patient, and the manners of management. Also, the programme includes demonstrations (Exercises) of their management.

Pharmacotherapy in stomatology- 3 ECTS

The course of Pharmacotherapy familiarizes the students of Stomatologywith principles of clinical research of medication and principles of rational pharmacotherapy, evaluation of therapy effectiveness, interaction of medications, their side effects, and dimensions in clinical toxicology.

Ghynecology and obstetrics- 3 ECTS

Introduction to Ghynecology, Anatomy, Physiology, Pathological processes, diagnostication and treatment. Obstetrics, normal pregnancy, birth, puerperium and disorders.

Year V

Teeth diseases with endodontics- 3 ECTS

A branch of Stomatologywhich studies etiology, diagnostication and various methods of treatment of the pulp and the affected apical paradontium, and treatment of teeth trauma.

Clinical fixed prosthetics- 3 ECTS

This module shall familiarize students with all clinical stages of work with fixed prosthetics. Students shall be able to learn and exercise prosthetic rehabilitation of patients suffering from teeth loss.

Pedodontics- 4 ECTS

This module shall allow students to familiarize with practical clinical work. Treatment of caries, pulpites, apical peridontiums and other oral pathologies in all ages of children.

Parodontology- 3 ECTS

In the course of Parodontology, students shall be familiarized with the anatomic and histological structure, functions and mechanisms of the dental support system. Key attention is paid to anatomy, histology, functions and defense mechanisms of the parodontium (gingiva, periodontium, alveolar bone, tooth root cement), and diseases of parodontium and gingivitis; etiology, patho-genesis, clinical overview, diagnosis, prognosis, differential diagnosis, x-ray images, complications, epidemiology of parodontopathies, and juvenile parodontopathy. Teaching shall concentrate on the motions of occlusal forces onto the parodontium and therapy of occluso-atriculating disorders. Classes shall also address basic, surgical, physical and medication therapies for parodontopathies.

Oral medicine- 3 ECTS

Students shall be engaged in diagnosing and treating diseases of soft tissue in the oral cavity (exudative stomatitis, AIDS-it, ulcero-membranous stomatitis and gangrenous stomatitis; fetor ec ore: lip diseases (cheilitet), diseases of the tongue, dermatosis, oral changes in blood diseases; vitaminous deficit; specific diseases; diseases of saliva glands, basic features of oral tumours). A special section of the course shall address oral focal wounds, diagnosis and treatment.

Orthodontics clinical- 4 ECTS

Orthodontics is a branch of Stomatologythat studies and treats anomalies in the oro-facial system.

Maxillo-facial surgery- 4 ECTS

Maxilla-facial Surgery has for its object of study all diseases of the maxilla-facial region (face, facial bones, jaws, mouth) in the surgical aspect. Students of the fifth year of General Medicine and students of Years V and VI of Stomatology get familiar with its contents, namely learn about pathologies, such as infections, benign and malign tumors, traumatology, cysts, diseases of the temporo-mandibular joint, saliva glands, congenital developed and acquired anomalies, reconstructive and plastic surgery, orthognathic surgery, etc.

Clinical oral surgery- 3 ECTS

The course programme offers students new knowledge oni principles of diagnostication and differential diagnosis of pathologies in the oral region, thereby emphasizing special techniques of x-ray imagery. The theoretical part of the programme includes chapters on most frequent pathologies and interventions in the oral region, such as: acute and chronic dentogeneous infections, periapical lesions, cysts, impacted teeth, dental and alveolar ridge trauma, para-prosthetic surgical interventions, benign tumors, surgical interventions in patients with haemostasis disorders, etc. Practical Exercises are held for students mainly in extraction rooms, thereby exercising basic surgical interventions, including administering local anesthesia, extraction of teeth, treatment of possible complications. Special attention is paid to diagnosing and therapy of acute dentogeneous infections.

Elective Course
Forensic stomatology - 3 ECTS

Forensic Stomatology deals in resolving forensic and legal problems. This course helps with techniques of determination of age, race and gender, and identify persons in mass casualty scenarios.

Endodontic instruments - 3 ECTS

A branch of Stomatologywhich provides knowledge on the internal anatomy of the tooth and endodontic instruments necessary for the canal therapy.

Lasers in parodontology - 3 ECTS

Students shall be taught of the basics of lasers, role and relevance thereof in treating stomatological pathologies. They also get to learn of specific pathologies treated by lasers.

Forensics- 3 ECTS

Forensics is a special science amidst medical sciences, which helps prosecution, courts and investigators in the application of medical and biological knowledge.

Year VI

Teeth diseases – Clinical Practice – 5 ECTS

A branch of Stomatologywhich studies etiology, diagnosing and methods of treatment of pulp and affected apical parodontium, and treatment of dental trauma.

Prosthetics – Clinical Practice – 5 ECTS

This module shall familiarize students with all clinical stages of crafting mobile and fixed prosthetics. Students shall be able to learn and exercise prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with teeth losses.

Parodontology -Clinical Practice – 3ECTS

This module shall familiarize students with the clinical work and practical administration of diagnosis determined for dental pathologies in children. Seminal work shall enrich students’ knowledge with modern clinical novelties in child stomatology.

Orthodontics- Clinical Practice – 3ECTS

Orthodontics is a discipline or branch which studies and treats anomalies of the oro-facial system.

Maxillo-Facial Surgery – Clinical Practice – 3ECTS

Maxilla-facial Surgery has for its object of study all diseases of the maxilla-facial region (face, facial bones, jaws, mouth) in the surgical aspect. Students of the fifth year of General Medicine and students of Years V and VI of Stomatology get familiar with its contents, namely learn about pathologies, such as infections, benign and malign tumors, traumatology, cysts, diseases of the temporo-mandibular joint, saliva glands, congenital developed and acquired anomalies, reconstructive and plastic surgery, orthognathic surgery, etc.

Oral Surgery- Clinical Practice – 3ECTS

The course programme offers students new knowledge oni principles of diagnostication and differential diagnosis of pathologies in the oral region, thereby emphasizing special techniques of x-ray imagery. The theoretical part of the programme includes chapters on most frequent pathologies and interventions in the oral region, such as: acute and chronic dentogeneous infections, periapical lesions, cysts, impacted teeth, dental and alveolar ridge trauma, para-prosthetic surgical interventions, benign tumors, surgical interventions in patients with haemostasis disorders, etc. Practical Exercises are held for students mainly in extraction rooms, thereby exercising basic surgical interventions, including administering local anesthesia, extraction of teeth, treatment of possible complications. Special attention is paid to diagnosing and therapy of acute dentogeneous infections.

Preventive Stomatology Clinical Practice – 3ECTS

The course shall depict the preventive measures to protect dental health.

Oral Medicine Clinical Practice – 3ECTS

Students shall be engaged in diagnosing and treating diseases of soft tissue in the oral cavity (exudative stomatitis, AIDS-it, ulcero-membranous stomatitis and gangrenous stomatitis; fetor ec ore: lip diseases (cheilitet), diseases of the tongue, dermatosis, oral changes in blood diseases; vitaminous deficit; specific diseases; diseases of saliva glands, basic features of oral tumours). A special section of the course shall address oral focal wounds, diagnosis and treatment.

Health Information System II – 3ECTS

During the last year it is foreseen that students will have the greatest practical knowledge on the use of the information system, where it is envisaged that 5 weeks intezvie will be followed by official training on the use of the HIS application. Also, the first part will be theoretically-professional-oriented theoretical theory in Information Technology.

Diploma thesis (scientific paper)- 10ECTS

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